#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

const int maxN = 500000;

int levi[maxN + 1];
int desni[maxN + 1];
int strana[maxN + 1];
int brojac;

void numerisi(int deo) {
     if (deo == -1) return;
     numerisi(levi[deo]);
     brojac++;
     strana[deo] = brojac;
     numerisi(desni[deo]);    
}

int main(){   
    int n, k, c, a, b;
    
    freopen("knjizica.in", "r", stdin);
    scanf("%d %d %d",&n, &k, &c);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        levi[i] = -1; 
        desni[i] = -1;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) {
        scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
        desni[a] = b;
    }
    for (int i = 1; i <= c; i++) {
        scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
        levi[a] = b;
    }
    
    brojac = 0;
    numerisi(1);
    
    freopen("knjizica.out", "w", stdout);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        printf("%d\n", strana[i]);    
        
    return 0;
}